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1. Find Linux Open File Limit

   Code Block
   # cat /proc/sys/fs/file-max 176772

   The number you will see shows the number of files that a user can have opened per login session. The result might be different depending on your system.
   
   To increase edit vi /etc/sysctl.conf add the below line, save and exit

   Code Block
   fs.file-max = 353544

   
   

2. Check Hard Limit in Linux

   Code Block
   # ulimit -Hn 4096

   
   

3. Check Soft Limits in Linux

   Code Block
   # ulimit -Sn 1024

   
   

4. Set User Level Open File limits in Linux
   You may want to apply limits per user basis like apache, mysqld, and etc. For that purpose, as user root, you will need to edit the following file:

   Code Block
   # sudo vi /etc/security/limits.conf

   To increase soft and hard limits, please add following lines at the end of the file.

   Code Block
   * soft nproc 500000 * hard nproc 500000 * soft nofile 500000 * hard nofile 500000

   Once you login the machine again, your soft/hard limits will be changed like you set above.
   
   

   
   

5. Next, run the command:

   Code Block
   # sudo sysctl -p

   
   

6. for MySQL, vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service and add the below 2 lines at the end, save and exit

   Code Block
   LimitNOFILE=65535 LimitNPROC=65535 LimitMEMLOCK=65535

   or you can put as following even though that looks so dangerous

   Code Block
   LimitNOFILE=infinity LimitNPROC=infinity LimitMEMLOCK=infinity

   
   

7. then increase the table_open_cache and open_files_limit in my.cnf

   Code Block
   open_files_limit=10240 table_open_cache=10240

   and you should run below command

   Code Block
   # sudo systemctl daemon-reload

   
   
   
   

8. if you modified MySQL config, restart 

Related articles

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1. MySQL and check values for table_open_cache and open_files_limit

   Code Block
   # systemctl restart mysqld.service

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